Dengue fever is the most important mosquito-borne viral disease in Southeast Asia.
Insecticides remain the most effective vector control approach for Aedes mosquitoes. Four …

Simple Summary The moth larvae are among the most damaging pest species on crops
worldwide. In this review, we focus on the genus Spodoptera, which can feed on many crops …

Abstract Background Helicoverpa armigera and Helicoverpa zea are major caterpillar pests
of Old and New World agriculture, respectively. Both, particularly H. armigera, are extremely …

The use of chemical insecticides continues to play a major role in the control of disease
vector populations, which is leading to the global dissemination of insecticide resistance. A …

Here, we compare the evolutionary routes by which bacteria and insects have evolved
enzymatic processes for the degradation of four classes of synthetic chemical insecticide …

Carboxylesterases are one of the major enzyme families involved in the detoxification of
pyrethroids. Up-regulation of carboxylesterase genes is thought to be a major component of …

BACKGROUND Rhopalosiphum padi is a destructive insect pest of wheat worldwide.
Studies have shown that R. padi has developed resistance to different insecticides …

Methoxyfenozide (M) is one of the selective insecticides used in integrated pest
management (IPM) programs for lepidopteran pests. However, recent studies reported a …

Enhanced detoxification is the major mechanism responsible for pyrethroid resistance in
Chinese populations of Helicoverpa armigera. Previous work has shown that enhanced …

Insect carboxylesterases are major enzymes involved in metabolism of xenobiotics including
insecticides. Two carboxylesterase genes, CarE001A and CarE001H, were cloned from the …