Stroke is a leading cause of disability worldwide, and in approximately 60% of individuals,
upper limb deficits persist 6 months after stroke. These deficits adversely affect the functional …

Survival is a fundamental physiological drive, and neural circuits have evolved to prioritize
actions that meet the energy demands of the body. This fine-tuning of goal-directed actions …

Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is a technology that provides electrical stimulation to the
cervical vagus nerve and can be applied in the treatment of a wide variety of …

In this review, we provide an overview of essential clinical trials examining the effect of vagal
nerve stimulation (VNS) in treatment-resistant depression (TRD), the applicable …

After sensory information is encoded into neural signals at the periphery, it is processed
through multiple brain regions before perception occurs (ie, sensory processing). Recent …

BackgroundTranscutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (tVNS) is a promising therapeutic
option for major depressive disorder (MDD) in adults. Alternative third-line treatments for …

Stimulation of peripheral cranial nerves has been shown to exert anticonvulsant effects in
animal models as well as in human patients. Specifically, stimulation of both the trigeminal …

It has been shown that vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) has an antidepressant-like effect in
the forced swim test. The mechanism of action underlying this effect is incompletely …

The vagus nerve (cranial nerve X) is the longest of the cranial nerves. True to its name, the
vagus, derived from the Latin term for “wandering,” has an extensive web of innervation …

Objectives The discovery of effective treatments for major depressive disorder (MDD) may
help target different brain pathways. Invasive vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is an effective …