Traditional design of 4× 4 Butler matrix (BM) uses couplers, phase shifters (PSs), and
crossovers. Due to some troublesome issues related to PS and the crossovers involved in …

Abstract Design of microwave components is an inherently multiobjective task. Often, the
objectives are at least partially conflicting and the designer has to work out a suitable …

In this letter, a compact, wideband, and fully planar microstrip crossover structure is
proposed. This design is based on a compact microstrip to coplanar waveguide transition …

This paper presents a novel compact planar filtering crossover with two paths operating at
different frequencies. Such codesign circuit is equal to one conventional crossover plus two …

This paper, presents a 4× 4 BM based on four direction switch BM antenna array. The
proposed design operated at 3.5 GHz. The use of multi-beam antennas or switched-beam …

A practical implementation of a miniaturized crossover is presented using negative‐
refractive‐index transmission‐line (NRI‐TL) metamaterial lines. NRI‐TL metamaterial theory …

With the rapid development of semiconductor manufacturing technology and the booming
demand in the electronics market, researchers, guided by Moore's Law, are working toward …

In this paper, a wideband crossover is presented based on the typical 2× 2 distributed
window‐shaped structure. By loading extra stepped‐impedance open stub at each port …

A planar microwave crossover is presented. The structure uses a suspended substrate
transmission line configuration to cross two independent RF channels. In the central crossed …

This letter presents a wideband lumped crossover based on the resonator-loaded window
shape structure. To enhance both the matching bandwidth and the isolation of the adjacent …