Females have generally more robust immune responses than males for reasons that are not
well-understood. Here we used a systems analysis to investigate these differences by …

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by chronic airflow limitation.
This generic term encompasses emphysema and chronic bronchitis, two common …

Evidence is now emerging that early life environment can have lifelong effects on metabolic,
cardiovascular, and pulmonary function in offspring, a concept also known as fetal or …

Currently, more than 9 million American adults, including women of childbearing age, use
electronic-cigarettes (e-cigs). Further, the prevalence of maternal vaping now approaching …

Currently, approximately 8 million adult Americans use electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) daily,
including women of childbearing age. It is known that more than 10% of women smoke …

Matrix metalloproteinase-12 (Mmp12) is upregulated by cigarette smoke (CS) and plays a
critical role in extracellular matrix remodeling, a key mechanism involved in physiological …

Background An increasing number of epidemiological and experimental studies have
associated exposure to second-hand smoke (SHS) during pregnancy with adverse …

ADAMTS9 is the most conserved member of a large family of secreted metalloproteases
having diverse functions. Adamts9 null mice die before gastrulation, precluding …

Growing evidence indicates that prenatal exposure to maternal smoking is a risk factor for
the development of asthma in children. However, the effects of prenatal environmental …

Background Particulate matter (PM) is one of the six criteria pollutant classes for which
National Ambient Air Quality Standards have been set by the United States Environmental …