Summary tRNA is the most extensively modified RNA in cells. On average, a bacterial tRNA
contains 8 modifications per molecule and a eukaryotic tRNA contains 13 modifications per …

The formation of protein complexes is crucial to most biological functions. The cellular
mechanisms governing protein complex biogenesis are not yet well understood, but some …

Microbial pathogens deploy effector proteins to manipulate host cell innate immunity, often
using poorly understood unconventional secretion routes. Transfer RNA (tRNA) anticodon …

Transfer RNA (tRNA) modifications are critical for protein synthesis. Queuosine (Q), a 7-
deaza-guanosine derivative, is present in tRNA anticodons. In vertebrate tRNAs for Tyr and …

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the world, with a high
incidence and a youth-oriented tendency. RNA modification is ubiquitous and indispensable …

A key characteristic of cancer cells is their increased proliferative capacity, which requires
elevated levels of protein synthesis. The process of protein synthesis involves the translation …

Stable regulation of protein fate is a prerequisite for successful bone tissue repair. As a
ubiquitin‐specific protease (USP), USP26 can stabilize the protein fate of β‐catenin to …

Various sulfur-containing biomolecules include iron–sulfur clusters that act as cofactors for
enzymes, sulfur-containing vitamins such as thiamin, and sulfur-modified nucleosides in …

Hexanucleotide expansion mutations in C9ORF72 are a frequent cause of amyotrophic
lateral sclerosis. We previously reported that long arginine-rich dipeptide repeats (DPRs) …

Transfer RNA dynamics contribute to cancer development through regulation of codon-
specific messenger RNA translation. Specific aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases can either …