The craniofacial region contains skin, bones, cartilage, the temporomandibular joint (TMJ),
teeth, periodontal tissues, mucosa, salivary glands, muscles, nerves, and blood vessels …

Peripheral nerve injury (PNI) is currently recognized as one of the most significant public
health issues and affects the general well‐being of millions of individuals worldwide …

Purpose: To create a systematic overview of the available reconstructive techniques, facial
nerve grading scales, physical evaluation, the reversibility of paralysis, non-reconstructive …

Facial nerve (FN) injury seriously affects human social viability and causes a heavy
economic and social burden. Although mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC …

Facial palsy (FP) profoundly influences interpersonal communication and emotional
expression, necessitating precise diagnostic and monitoring tools for optimal care. However …

Background Acute facial nerve iatrogenic or traumatic injury warrants rapid management
with the goal of reestablishing nerve continuity within 72 hours. However, reconstructive …

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the premise that endoscopic ear surgery
(EES) is associated with a low rate of complications (intraoperative and postoperative) …

The facial nerve, also known as the seventh cranial nerve, is critical in controlling the
movement of the facial muscles. It is responsible for all facial expressions, such as smiling …

Objective This article describes a first attempt to generate a standardized and safe selective
surface electrostimulation (SES) protocol, including detailed instructions on electrode …

Bell's palsy is the most common diagnosis associated with facial nerve weakness or
paralysis. However, not all patients with facial paresis/paralysis have Bell's palsy. Other …