Humans are spending an increasing amount of time in space, where exposure to conditions
of microgravity causes 1–2% bone loss per month in astronauts. Through data collected …

All life forms have evolved under the constant force of gravity on Earth and developed ways
to counterbalance acceleration load. In space, shear forces, buoyance-driven convection …

Coccidiosis is an economically significant disease in the global poultry industry, but little is
known about the mechanisms of bone defects caused by coccidiosis; thus, the study focused …

Osteocytes are well evidenced to be the major mechanosensor in bone, responsible for
sending signals to the effector cells (osteoblasts and osteoclasts) that carry out bone …

Osteoclasts and osteoblasts play a major role in bone tissue homeostasis. The homeostasis
and integrity of bone tissue are maintained by ensuring a balance between osteoclastic and …

During space flight, severe losses of bone mass are observed. Both bone formation and
resorption are probably involved, but their relative importance remains unclear. The purpose …

Space colonization represents the most insidious challenge for mankind, as numerous
obstacles affect the success of space missions. Specifically, the absence of gravitational …

Abstract Connexin 43 (Cx43) is the most abundant gap junction protein in bone and has
been demonstrated as an integral component of skeletal homeostasis. In the present study …

Mechanical loading represents a crucial factor in the regulation of skeletal homeostasis. Its
reduction causes loss of bone mass, eventually leading to osteoporosis. In a previous global …

Gravity has played a critical role in the development of terrestrial life. A key event in
evolution has been the development of mechanisms to sense and transduce gravitational …