Without cesarean delivery, obstructed labor can result in maternal and fetal injuries or even
death given a disproportion in size between the fetus and the maternal birth canal. The …

The term 'obstetrical dilemma'was coined by Washburn in 1960 to describe the trade‐off
between selection for a larger birth canal, permitting successful passage of a big‐brained …

Human newborns are considered altricial compared with other primates because they are
relatively underdeveloped at birth. However, in a broader comparative context, other …

It seems puzzling why humans have evolved such a small and rigid birth canal that entails a
relatively complex process of labor compared with the birth canal of our closest relatives, the …

Ethnopharmacological relevance Evidence of phytochemical roles in infant development
and maternal recovery offers insights into beneficial functions of traditional plant use during …

Compared with most other primates, humans are characterized by a tight fit between the
maternal birth canal and the fetal head, leading to a relatively high risk of neonatal and …

Compared to other primates, modern humans face high rates of maternal and neonatal
morbidity and mortality during childbirth. Since the early 20th century, this “difficulty” of …

Background The human foetus typically needs to rotate when passing through the tight birth
canal because of the complex shape of the pelvis. In most women, the upper part, or inlet, of …

Bats exhibit a remarkable ability to create periodic air jets, manifested as pulsating wake
structures downstream of their flight path, as they navigate through their fluidic environment …

It is commonly assumed that the strong sexual dimorphism of the human pelvis evolved for
delivering the relatively large human foetuses. Here we compare pelvic sex differences …