In many tokamak and stellarator experiments around the globe that are investigating energy
production via controlled thermonuclear fusion, electron cyclotron heating and current drive …

The Electron Cyclotron (EC) system for the ITER tokamak is designed to inject≥ 20MW RF
power into the plasma for Heating and Current Drive (H&CD) applications. The EC system …

In tokamak plasmas with a tearing mode, strong scattering of high power millimeter waves,
as used for heating and noninductive current drive, is shown to occur. This new wave …

A 24 MW Electron Cyclotron (EC) system operating at 170 GHz and 3600 s pulse length is to
be installed on ITER. The EC plant shall deliver 20 MW of this power to the plasma for …

Routine reaction to approaching disruptions in tokamaks is currently largely limited to
machine protection by mitigating an ongoing disruption, which remains a basic requirement …

We present state-of-the-art computations of propagation and absorption of electron cyclotron
waves, retaining the effects of scattering due to electron density fluctuations. In ITER …

The application of radio frequency (RF) vacuum electronics for the betterment of the human
condition began soon after the invention of the first vacuum tubes in the 1920s and has not …

Applications of high-power Terahertz (THz) sources require low-loss transmission lines to
minimize loss, prevent overheating and preserve the purity of the transmission mode …

Simultaneous real-time control of multiple MHD instabilities is experimentally demonstrated
in the TCV tokamak. Multiple sources of EC heating and current drive, injected through real …

This paper presents the progress in the long—pulse operation of the electron cyclotron (EC)
system and the achievements in high—electron temperature plasmas by the combined EC …