The Lagrangian method—where current location and intensity are determined by tracking
the movement of flow along its path—is the oldest technique for measuring the ocean …

The climate of the last two millennia was characterized by decadal to multicentennial
variations, which were recorded in terrestrial records and had important societal impacts …

Abstract The Atlantic Ocean overturning circulation is important to the climate system
because it carries heat and carbon northward, and from the surface to the deep ocean. The …

Significant societally important climate impacts can be caused by changes in the strength of
the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) at higher latitudes. Focusing on …

The overturning streamfunction as measured at the OSNAP (Overturning in the Subpolar
North Atlantic Program) mooring array represents the transformation of warm, salty Atlantic …

Arctic sea-ice area and volume have substantially decreased since the beginning of the
satellite era. Concurrently, the poleward heat transport from the North Atlantic Ocean into the …

As part of the international Overturning in the Subpolar North Atlantic Program (OSNAP),
135 acoustically-tracked deep floats were deployed to track the spreading pathways of …

The lower limb of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation is an important feature of
Earth's climate system as it returns recently ventilated water to the deep ocean and is a …

The overturning circulation in the Nordic Seas involves the transformation of warm Atlantic
waters into cold, dense overflows. These overflow waters return to the North Atlantic and …

Regional sea-level rise is characterized by decadal acceleration and deceleration periods
that typically stem from oceanic climate variability. Here, we investigate decadal sea-level …