Bile acids (BAs) are cholesterol-derived metabolites that facilitate the intestinal absorption
and transport of dietary lipids. Recently, BAs also emerged as pivotal signaling molecules …

Recent insights into the pathophysiologic underlying mechanisms of obesity have led to the
discovery of several promising drug targets and novel therapeutic strategies to address the …

More than 20 years ago, Pories et al. published a seminal article,“Who Would Have Thought
It? An Operation Proves to Be the Most Effective Therapy for Adult-Onset Diabetes Mellitus.” …

Because human energy metabolism evolved to favor adiposity over leanness, the
availability of palatable, easily attainable, and calorically dense foods has led to …

Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) is a restrictive bariatric surgery technique that was first used as part
of restrictive horizontal gastrectomy in the original Scopinaro type biliopancreatic diversion …

Bariatric surgery is the most effective treatment for obesity and also greatly improves
glycaemic control, often within days after surgery, independently of weight loss …

The gastrointestinal tract hosts the largest ecosystem of microorganisms in the body. The
metabolism of ingested nutrients by gut bacteria produces novel chemical mediators that …

Background & aims Bile diversion to the ileum (GB-IL) has strikingly similar metabolic and
satiating effects to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) in rodent obesity models. The …

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is highly effective in reversing obesity and associated
diabetes. Recent observations in humans suggest a contributing role of increased …

Physiologically, the intestinal barrier plays a crucial role in homeostasis and nutrient
absorption and prevents pathogenic entry, harmful metabolites, and endotoxin absorption …