Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that has diverse clinical
manifestations, ranging from restricted cutaneous involvement to life-threatening systemic …

Objective Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), the most common form of lupus, is a
multisystemic rheumatic disease with different clinical features that generally affect women …

Anti-dsDNA antibodies are pathogenically heterogeneous, implying distinct origins and
antigenic properties. Unexpectedly, during the clinical and molecular characterization of …

B cells are capable of receptor-mediated responses to foreign antigens. Recognition of
microbial-derived nucleic acid (NA) by toll-like receptors (TLRs) 7 and 9 in B cells has been …

Biomarkers may have a diagnostic or monitoring value, or may predict response to therapy
or disease course. The aim of this review is to discuss new serum and urinary biomarkers …

Background We assessed the stability of BAFF, interferon, plasma cell and LDG neutrophil
gene expression signatures over time, and whether changes in expression coincided with …

Purpose and methods B cell-activating factor (BAFF) contributes to the pathogenesis of
autoimmune diseases including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Although several anti …

Background Lupus nephritis (LN) is one of the most common severe organ manifestations of
systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). LN is associated with significant morbidity and …

The classical paradigm of tuberculosis (TB) immunity, with a central protective role for Th1
responses and IFN-γ-stimulated cellular responses, has been challenged by unsatisfactory …

B cells play a pivotal role in autoimmunity not only by producing pathogenic autoantibodies
but also by modulating immune responses via the production of cytokines and chemokines …