I. Executive Summary Background The 5 years since the publication of the first International
Consensus Statement on Allergy and Rhinology: Rhinosinusitis (ICAR‐RS) has witnessed …

Contributing Authors Isam Alobid, MD, PhD1, Nithin D. Adappa, MD2, Henry P. Barham,
MD3, Thiago Bezerra, MD4, Nadieska Caballero, MD5, Eugene G. Chang, MD6, Gaurav …

BACKGROUND: There is a need for more research on all forms of rhinosinusitis. Progress in
this area has been hampered by a lack of consensus definitions and the limited number of …

Objectives To reevaluate the current criteria for diagnosing allergic fungal sinusitis (AFS)
and determine the incidence of AFS in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Methods …

Fungal sinusitis was once considered a rare disorder but is now reported with increasing
frequency throughout the world. The classification of fungal sinusitis has evolved in the past …

The Rhinosinusitis Initiative was developed by 5 national societies. The current guidance
document is an expansion of the 2004 publication,“Rhinosinusitis: Establishing definitions …

The combination of nasal polyposis, crust formation, and sinus cultures yielding Aspergillus
was first noted in 1976 by Safirstein, 1 who observed the clinical similarity that this …

Background Allergic fungal sinusitis (AFS) was recognized in 1981. Since 1983, a form of
sinusitis histologically similar to AFS except for the absence of fungal hyphae has also been …

Background Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) is a disease that presents with
diverse clinicoradiologic manifestations. High-attenuation mucus (HAM) is a characteristic …

Conventional plain-film radiographiy may be used as a screening method for various
pathological conditions of the sinonasal cavities. However, CT scanning remains the study …