Hypoxia is prevalent in human tumours and contributes to microenvironments that shape
cancer evolution and adversely affect therapeutic outcomes. Historically, two different …

Hypoxia, a common feature of the tumor microenvironment in various types of cancers,
weakens cytotoxic T cell function and causes recruitment of regulatory T cells, thereby …

The growing field of immune metabolism has revealed promising indications for metabolic
targets to modulate anti-cancer immunity. Combination therapies involving metabolic …

CC chemokines (or β-chemokines) are 28 chemotactic cytokines with an N-terminal CC
domain that play an important role in immune system cells, such as CD4+ and CD8+ …

Cancer cells undergo metabolic reprogramming and switch to a 'glycolysis-
dominant'metabolic profile to promote their survival and meet their requirements for energy …

Objective Methionine metabolism is involved in a myriad of cellular functions, including
methylation reactions and redox maintenance. Nevertheless, it remains unclear whether …

V-domain Ig suppressor of T cell activation (VISTA) is a B7 family member that maintains T
cell and myeloid quiescence and is a promising target for combination cancer …

Among the various immunological and non-immunological tumor-promoting activities of
myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), their immunosuppressive capacity remains a …

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy has achieved successful outcomes against
hematological malignancies and provided a new impetus for treating solid tumors. However …

Tumor hypoxia resulting from abnormal and dysfunctional tumor vascular network poses a
substantial obstacle to immunotherapy. In fact, hypoxia creates an immunosuppressive …