For a blood-borne cancer therapeutic agent to be effective, it must cross the blood vessel
wall to reach cancer cells in adequate quantities, and it must overcome the resistance …

Diffuse gliomas represent a heterogeneous group of universally lethal brain tumors
characterized by minimally effective genotype-targeted therapies. Recent advances have …

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) remains the top challenge to radiotherapy with only 25%
one-year survival after diagnosis. Here, we reveal that co-enhancement of mitochondrial …

Gliomas, the most common malignant primary brain tumours, remain universally lethal. Yet,
seminal discoveries in the past 5 years have clarified the anatomy, genetics and function of …

Blood–brain barrier (BBB) strictly controls matter exchange between blood and brain, and
severely limits brain penetration of systemically administered drugs, resulting in ineffective …

The adult quiescent blood–brain barrier (BBB), a structure organised by endothelial cells
through interactions with pericytes, astrocytes, neurons and microglia in the neurovascular …

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) proactively remodel their microenvironment to maintain a
supportive niche. Viewed through the lens of an ecosystem, numerous tumor components …

A remaining challenge in the treatment of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is surmounting the
blood–brain barrier (BBB). Such a challenge prevents the development of efficient …

Glioblastomas are heterogeneous and invariably lethal tumours. They are characterized by
genetic and epigenetic variations among tumour cells, which makes the development of …

The metabolic reprogramming of glioblastoma (GBM) poses a tremendous obstacle to
effective immunotherapy due to its impact on the immunosuppressive microenvironment. In …