Fact checkers evaluate the truthfulness of political claims appearing in public. The practice
has increased enormously in recent years. This review analyses research concerning …

This study empirically examined studies on fake news through a content analysis of 103
peer-reviewed articles obtained from the eight major databases. The articles were published …

Fake news (FN) on social media (SM) rose to prominence in 2016 during the United States
of America presidential election, leading people to question science, true news (TN), and …

This report is an attempt to comprehensively examine information disorder and its related
challenges, such as filter bubbles and echo chambers. While the historical impact of …

This study examines how American newspapers made sense of the issue of fake news. By
analysing newspaper editorials and considering the problem of fake news as a critical …

Fact-checking has gained importance in recent years, as so-called “fake news” has started
to spread on social media. News outlets and independent organizations engage in …

Fake news has attracted a lot of scholarly attention. Social media companies, which have
borne much of the blame for the spread of fake news through their platforms, have taken …

Digital Democracy, Social Media and Disinformation discusses some of the political,
regulatory and technological issues which arise from the increased power of internet …

The previous chapters explored cybercriminal activities associated with computer intrusion
and manipulation, which are generally labelled as hacking. This chapter critically explores …

Fact-checking has a traditional meaning in journalism that relates to internal procedures for
verifying facts prior to publication, as well as a newer sense denoting stories that publicly …