Abstract Purpose Adjacent segment degeneration (ASDeg) and disease (ASDis) have
become major concerns after fusion surgery. However, there is no definitive data or …

Discogenic back pain is multifactorial; hence, physicians often struggle to identify the
underlying source of the pain. As a result, discogenic back pain is often hard to treat—even …

Mitochondrial dysfunction causes the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and
oxidative damage, and oxidative stress and inflammation are considered key factors causing …

Ethnopharmacological relevance Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is one of the most
common causes of chronic low back pain that spending a lot of workforces and financial …

Study Design: Meta-analysis. Objectives: To evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of
total disc replacement (TDR) compared with fusion in patients with functionally disabling …

Prevalence estimates of adjacent segment degeneration (ASD) following cervical spine
surgery varied greatly in current studies. We conducted a systematic review and meta …

The surgical treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) involves 3-dimensional curve
correction with multisegmental pedicle screws attached to contoured bilateral rods. The …

Adjacent segment pathology (ASP) is a major cause of disability, and the recognition of the
surgical risk factors associated with the development of this condition is essential for its …

Vertebral disc degenerative disease (DDD) affects millions of people worldwide and is a
critical factor leading to low back and neck pain and consequent disability. Currently, no …

Objective To compare the difference in efficacy between open PLIF and UBE for lumbar
spinal stenosis and the effect on postoperative adjacent segment instability. Method The …