Abstract Purpose of Review Biomarkers are commonly used in epidemiological studies to
assess metals and metalloid exposure and estimate internal dose, as they integrate multiple …

Chronic exposures to heavy metals via tobacco smoking and professional exposure may
increase the risk of head and neck cancer, although the epidemiologic evidence is limited by …

Abstract Manganese (Mn) and iron (Fe) are transition metals that are crucial to the
appropriate growth, development, function, and maintenance of biological organisms …

Manganese (Mn), upon absorption, is primarily sequestered in tissue and intracellular
compartments. For this reason, blood Mn concentration does not always accurately reflect …

Manganese (Mn) is an essential element for humans, animals, and plants and is required for
growth, development, and maintenance of health. Mn is present in most tissues of all living …

Background Studies have reported associations between manganese (Mn) exposures and
Mn levels in blood and urine, though the suitability of these biological measures as …

Given the potential adverse health effects related to toxic trace metal exposure and
insufficient or excessive levels of essential trace metals in pregnant women and their …

Epidemiological studies in children have reported associations between elevated dietary
manganese (Mn) exposure and neurobehavioral and neurocognitive deficits. To better …

Introduction Exposure to cadmium, cobalt, lead, and manganese has been associated with
decreased pulmonary function in adults. Little is known about the magnitude of these …

High-dose human exposure to manganese results in manganese accumulation in the basal
ganglia and dopaminergic neuropathology. Occupational manganese neurotoxicity is most …