Cholinergic synapses are ubiquitous in the human central nervous system. Their high
density in the thalamus, striatum, limbic system, and neocortex suggest that cholinergic …

Microglia are brain-resident myeloid cells that mediate key functions to support the CNS.
Microglia express a wide range of receptors that act as molecular sensors, which recognize …

Alzheimer disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, mainly affecting older
people, which severely impairs patients' quality of life. In the recent years, the number of …

The neurone-centred view of the past disregarded or downplayed the role of astroglia as a
primary component in the pathogenesis of neurological diseases. As this concept is …

Amyloid-beta (Aß) and hyperphosphorylated tau are hallmark lesions of Alzheimer's disease
(AD). However, the loss of synapses and dysfunctions of neurotransmission are more …

Arousal may be understood on a spectrum, with excessive sleepiness, cognitive dysfunction,
and inattention on one side, a wakeful state in the middle, and hypervigilance, panic, and …

Abnormal tau lesions (non-argyrophilic pretangle material, argyrophilic neuropil threads,
neurofibrillary tangles) in select types of neurons are crucial for the pathogenesis of sporadic …

Introduction Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression follows a specific spreading pattern,
emphasizing the need to characterize those brain areas that degenerate first. The …

Astrocytes are fundamental for homoeostasis, defence and regeneration of the central
nervous system. Loss of astroglial function and astroglial reactivity contributes to the aging of …

It has been known for decades that degeneration of the locus coeruleus (LC), the major
noradrenergic nucleus in the brain, occurs in both Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's …