The asymmetric phospholipid distribution in plasma membranes is normally maintained by
energy-dependent lipid transporters that translocate different phospholipids from one …

Membrane lipids diffuse rapidly in the plane of the membrane but their ability to flip
spontaneously across a membrane bilayer is hampered by a significant energy barrier. Thus …

De novo formation of the double-membrane compartment autophagosome is seeded by
small vesicles carrying membrane protein autophagy-related 9 (ATG9), the function of which …

Glycerophospholipids are synthesized primarily in the cytosolic leaflet of the endoplasmic
reticulum (ER) membrane and must be equilibrated between bilayer leaflets to allow the ER …

Phospholipid (PL) scramblases disrupt the lipid asymmetry of the plasma membrane,
externalizing phosphatidylserine to trigger blood coagulation and mark apoptotic cells …

Rapid flip-flop of phospholipids across the two leaflets of biological membranes is crucial for
many aspects of cellular life. The transport proteins that facilitate this process are classified …

Transport of phospholipids across cell membranes plays a key role in a wide variety of
biological processes. These include membrane biosynthesis, generation and maintenance …

Polar lipids must flip-flop rapidly across biological membranes to sustain cellular life [1, 2],
but flipping is energetically costly [3] and its intrinsic rate is low. To overcome this problem …

Opsin, the rhodopsin apoprotein, was recently shown to be an ATP-independent flippase (or
scramblase) that equilibrates phospholipids across photoreceptor disc membranes in …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including microvesicles and exosomes, are emerging as
important regulators of homeostasis and pathophysiology. During pro-inflammatory and pro …