Following a decade during which its presence was widely accepted, the existence of the
putative Ediacaran supercontinent Pannotia has come into question since the turn of the …

Convective flow in the deep mantle controls Earth's dynamic evolution, influences plate
tectonics, and has shaped Earth's current surface features. Present and past convection …

Plate tectonics shapes Earth's surface, and is linked to motions within its deep interior,. Cold
oceanic lithosphere sinks into the mantle, and hot mantle plumes rise from the deep Earth …

Understanding the long-term evolution of Earth's plate–mantle system is reliant on absolute
plate motion models in a mantle reference frame, but such models are both difficult to …

Ultralow velocity zones (ULVZs) and seismic anisotropy are both commonly detected in the
lowermost mantle at the edges of the two antipodal large low velocity provinces (LLVPs) …

It has been proposed that volcanic hotspots and the reconstructed eruption sites of large
igneous provinces (LIPs) are preferentially located above the margins of two deep mantle …

The most dominant features in the present-day lower mantle are the two antipodal African
and Pacific large low-shear-velocity provinces (LLSVPs). How and when these two …

Growing evidence from a variety of geologic indicators points to significant topography
maintained convectively by viscous stresses in the mantle. However, while gravity is …

Although mantle convection at Earth-like vigor is a chaotic process, it has been shown by
conceptual studies that one can constrain its flow history back in time for periods …

Mantle tomography reveals the existence of two large low-shear-velocity provinces
(LLSVPs) at the base of the mantle. We examine here the hypothesis that they are piles of …