Much research shows academic self-concept and achievement are reciprocally related over
time, based on traditional longitudinal data cross-lag-panel models (CLPM) supporting a …

The relationship between students' subject-specific academic self-concept and their
academic achievement is one of the most widely researched topics in educational …

This article compares different approaches for estimating cross-lagged effects with a cross-
lagged panel design under a causal inference perspective. We distinguish between models …

Many statistical models have been proposed to examine reciprocal cross-lagged causal
effects from panel data. The present article aims to clarify how these various statistical …

This article considers identification, estimation, and model fit issues for models with
contemporaneous and reciprocal effects. It explores how well the models work in practice …

One major challenge of longitudinal data analysis is to find an appropriate statistical model
that corresponds to the theory of change and the research questions at hand. In the present …

According to self-determination theory (SDT), relationships that support the needs for
autonomy, competence, and relatedness are essential to youth development. It is yet …

Although research on motivational regulation, as an important subprocess of self-regulated
learning, has increased considerably in the past two decades, previous findings stem mainly …

It is often assumed that relatedness with peers and teachers are two developmental factors
whose effects are independent of each other. Preliminary research nevertheless suggests …

The school principal's job is increasingly demanding and complex, but school principal well-
being is understudied. Self-efficacy and job satisfaction are critical constructs for studying …