Sudoku puzzles are not only popular intellectual games but also NP-hard combinatorial
problems related to various real-world applications, which have attracted much attention …

Intelligent game agents are crafted using AI technologies to mimic player behavior and
make decisions autonomously. Over the past decades, the scope of intelligent agents has …

The capacitated vehicle routing problem (CVRP) is regarded as an NP-hard problem.
Moreover, the CVRP is described as a model that can be used in many applications such as …

In recent years, the application of Neural Combinatorial Optimization (NCO) techniques in
Combinatorial Optimization (CO) has emerged as a popular and promising research …

Sudoku is a popular logic-based puzzle game. Difficulty rating of a Sudoku puzzle is a
difficult problem and a large number of research works have been proposed to tackle the …

In this paper, the efficiency of photovoltaic panels is improved by adding a solar tracking
system. The solar tracking system is used to track the sun so that the photovoltaic always …

Japanese puzzle games such as Sudoku and Futoshiki are familiar recreational pursuits, but
they also present an interesting computational challenge. A number of algorithms exist for …

Given a graph G=(V, E) and a list of available colors L (v) for each vertex v\in V, where L
(v)\subseteq {1, 2,..., k}, List k-Coloring refers to the problem of assigning colors to the …

In this article, Sudoku is formulated as a quadratic unconstrained binary optimization, and a
variables reduction algorithm is proposed based on given elements. Collaborative …

Sudoku is a complicated multidimensional mathematical structure with several applications
in various computer science domains. 3D Sudoku, compared to 2D, has one more …