Metformin is a first-line therapy for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, due to its robust glucose-
lowering effects, well-established safety profile, and relatively low cost. While metformin has …

Despite its position as the first-line drug for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, the
mechanisms underlying the plasma glucose level-lowering effects of metformin (1, 1 …

Metformin (dimethylbiguanide) has become the preferred first-line oral blood glucose-
lowering agent to manage type 2 diabetes. Its history is linked to Galega officinalis (also …

Accumulating evidence suggests that the gut microbiota is an important factor in mediating
the development of obesity-related metabolic disorders, including type 2 diabetes. Metformin …

The organic cation transporters (OCTs) OCT1, OCT2, OCT3, novel OCT (OCTN) 1, OCTN2,
multidrug and toxin exclusion (MATE) 1, and MATE kidney-specific 2 are polyspecific …

Metformin is an effective agent with a good safety profile that is widely used as a first-line
treatment for type 2 diabetes, yet its mechanisms of action and variability in terms of efficacy …

Metformin exerts its plasma glucose-lowering therapeutic effect primarily through inhibition
of hepatic gluconeogenesis. However, the precise molecular mechanism by which …

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a global epidemic that poses a major challenge to health-
care systems. Improving metabolic control to approach normal glycaemia (where practical) …

Metformin is the most widely prescribed drug to treat patients with type II diabetes, for whom
retrospective studies suggest that metformin may have anticancer properties. However, in …

Abstract Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a very prevalent, multisystemic, chronic metabolic disorder
closely related to atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. It is characterised by …