The importance of chronic low-grade inflammation in the pathology of numerous age-related
chronic conditions is now clear. An unresolved inflammatory response is likely to be …

Delirium is a neurobehavioral syndrome caused by dysregulation of neuronal activity
secondary to systemic disturbances. Over time, a number of theories have been proposed in …

The assessment of pain, distress and suffering, as well as evaluation of the efficacy of stress-
reduction strategies, is crucial in animal experimentation but can be challenging in …

Humans and animals use the classical five senses of sight, sound, touch, smell and taste to
monitor their environment. The very survival of feral animals depends on these sensory …

There is a great deal of evidence suggesting an important role for systemic inflammation in
the pathogenesis of A lzheimer's disease. The role of systemic inflammation, and indeed …

Increasing evidence from animal and human studies suggests that inflammation may be
involved in mood disorders. Sickness behavior and emotional changes induced by …

Recently, the inflammatory and neurodegenerative (I&ND) hypothesis of depression was
formulated (Maes et al., 2009), ie the neurodegeneration and reduced neurogenesis that …

BACKGROUND: Chronic neurodegeneration results in microglial activation, but the
contribution of inflammation to the progress of neurodegeneration remains unclear. We have …

Ensuring that laboratory rodent pain is well managed underpins the ethical acceptability of
working with these animals in research. Appropriate treatment of pain in laboratory rodents …

Deterioration in the ability to perform" Activities of daily living"(ADL) is an early sign of
Alzheimer's disease (AD). Preclinical behavioural screening of possible treatments for AD …