Pollinators are a key component of global biodiversity, providing vital ecosystem services to
crops and wild plants. There is clear evidence of recent declines in both wild and …

Numerous studies have recently reported on the discovery of bee viruses in different
arthropod species and their possible transmission routes, vastly increasing our …

Pollinators-insects, birds, bats, and other animals that carry pollen from the male to the
female parts of flowers for plant reproduction-are an essential part of natural and agricultural …

Until the late 1980s, specific viral infections of the honey bee were generally considered
harmless in all countries. Then, with the worldwide introduction of the ectoparasite mite …

Small hive beetles (SHBs) are generalists native to sub-Saharan Africa and reproduce in
association with honeybees, bumblebees, stingless bees, fruits and meat. The SHB has …

Climate change and biological invasions are two major global environmental challenges.
Both may interact, eg via altered impact and distribution of invasive alien species. Even …

Division of labor among workers is common in insect societies and is thought to be important
in their ecological success. In most species, division of labor is based on age (temporal …

The honey bee, Apis, is perhaps the most beneficial insect to humans because most of our
fruits and vegetables depend on them for pollination. Yet these iconic insects have been …

Insects provide crucial ecosystem services for human food security and maintenance of
biodiversity. It is therefore not surprising that major declines in wild insects, combined with …

This study reports honey bee, Apis mellifera L., colony losses that occurred in South Africa
over two consecutive years. The total losses were 29.6%(95% CI: 22.8–37.5) in 2009–2010 …