Empirical legitimacy, defined as social acceptance of the right to rule, constitutes a key
condition for effective governance in areas of limited statehood. Most work on legitimacy …

The introduction to the special issue starts from the observation that the political nature of
rebel governance is so far understudied. Moving beyond the functionalism and …

How does foreign support for rebel groups affect rebel governance of civilians during armed
conflict? Existing studies primarily examine the local and domestic politics of rebel rule …

De facto states, such as Somaliland (Somalia), are unrecognized separatist enclaves that
display characteristics of statehood but lack an international legal status. To acquire …

Research on conflict processes has recently highlighted the myriad of tactics rebels use
which are not violent in nature (cf. Petrova 2019; Ryckman 2020; Cunningham, Dahl, and …

Extant research has explored the effect of natural hazards on the risk of armed conflict, but
very few studies have examined how conflict dynamics affect disaster risk reduction (DRR) …

This article examines the practices of rape, sexual enslavement, and forced marriage used
by the Islamic State in Iraq and Syria (ISIS). Most research see wartime sexual violence as …

In recent decades, the role and status of non-state armed groups (NSAGs)—generally
defined as armed organizations operating outside the control of the state and willing and …

Based on a review of the diverse practices of how armed groups tax, we highlight that a full
account of why armed groups tax needs to go beyond revenue motivations, to also engage …

The concept of order is often neglected in the study of conflict–seemingly such a
'disordering'process. With the recent increase in the examination of rebel governance …