Based on high quality surgery and scientific data, scientists and surgeons are committed to
protecting patients as well as healthcare staff and hereby provide this Guidance to address …

Bowel injury (BI) is a complication of open and laparoscopic abdominal surgery associated
with increased morbidity and mortality. If BI is missed at the time it occurs, it can have …

Key content: It is crucial to understand the basics of electrosurgery to deliver safe and
effective laparoscopic surgery. Electrosurgical tissue effects include vaporisation …

Electrosurgery is the most commonly used and misunderstood technology by all surgical
and medical disciplines. A lack of basic knowledge or ignorance of principles of …

Monopolar electrosurgical energy is the most commonly used energy source during
laparotomic and laparoscopic surgery. The clinical application of monopolar energy is not …

Background Energy administered during soft-tissue treatments may cauterize, coagulate,
seal, or otherwise affect underlying structures. A general overview of the functionality …

Background Insulation defects are observed in 3–39% of laparoscopic instruments.
Electrosurgical injuries due to insulation defects or capacitive coupling remain an issue in …

Background Electromagnetic coupling can occur between the monopolar “Bovie” instrument
and other laparoscopic instruments without direct contact by a phenomenon termed antenna …

Background Single-incision laparoscopic surgery (SILS) places multiple instruments in
close, parallel proximity, an orientation that may have implications in the production of stray …

Energy-based instrumentation has not only facilitated the rapid adoption of laparoscopic
surgery, but could be considered essential for the completion of abdominal and pelvic …