Background: In the currently ongoing coronavirus pandemic, coinfections with unrelated life-
threatening febrile conditions may pose a particular challenge to clinicians. Leishmaniasis is …

Background Tegumentary leishmaniasis (TL) is a significant public health issue in Brazil.
The present ecological study describes the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of TL …

Toxoplasmosis has been categorized as one of the long-lasting protozoan parasitic
infections. It affects almost one-third of the world's population. In recent years, several …

Background It is well-documented that using immunosuppressive drugs such as
corticosteroids or cytokine blockers in treating coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) …

Introduction Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a prevalent debilitating disease in many
countries, particularly in Iran, the Middle East, North Africa, and South America. Bam County …

Background Both zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ZCL) and anthroponotic cutaneous
leishmaniasis are endemic in different regions of Iran. It is important to know the type of …

Cutaneous leishmaniasis incidence has been rising in the past couple of decades. Standard
therapy often includes antileishmanial drugs; however, due to their low safety and toxicity …

As the COVID-19 pandemic spreads across the globe, it will undoubtedly cross paths with
long endemic infectious diseases in different areas. Interactions between SARS-CoV2 and …

Introduction Emerging infectious diseases such as SARS-CoV-2 can cause pandemics and
create a critical risk for humans. In a previous pilot study, we reported that the immunological …

The avoidance of infectious disease by widespread use of 'systems hygiene', defined by
hygiene-enhancing technology such as sewage systems, water treatment facilities, and …