Oxidative stress is characterised by an increased level of reactive oxygen species (ROS)
that disrupts the intracellular reduction–oxidation (redox) balance. Although initially shown …

Ferroptosis is a kind of regulatory cell death (RCD) caused by iron accumulation and lipid
peroxidation, which is characterized by mitochondrial morphological changes and has a …

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease possessing a morbid serum
microenvironment with enhanced oxidative stress. Long-term exposure to an oxidative …

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease of unknown etiology,
characterized by articular inflammation. Oxidative damage induced by reactive oxygen …

Articular cartilage degeneration and inflammation are the hallmark of progressive arthritis
and is the leading cause of disability in 10–15% of middle aged individuals across the world …

Purpose Reactive oxygen species play a role in a number of degenerative conditions
including osteoporosis. Flavonoids as phyto-oestrogens exert physiological effects against …

Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the spine and sacroiliac
joints with unidentified etiology closely associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Recent …

Exposure to heavy metals and lifestyle factors like smoking contribute to the production of
free oxygen radicals. This fact, combined with a lowered total antioxidant status, can induce …

Background Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is an immune-mediated chronic inflammatory
disease that leads to bone hyperplasia and spinal ankylosis. Iron homeostasis plays a very …

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) hold significant promise for regenerative medicine and
tissue engineering due to their unique multipotent differentiation ability and …