Enlargement of the skull vault occurs by appositional growth at the fibrous joints between the
bones, termed cranial sutures. Relatively little is known about the developmental biology of …

Bone and cartilage and their disorders are addressed under the following headings:
functions of bone; normal and abnormal bone remodeling; osteopetrosis and osteoporosis; …

The Skull of Lizards and Tuatara Page 1 1 The Skull of Lizards and Tuatara SuSan E. EvanS
ConTenTS I. Introduction 1 A. Definitions and Scope 1 B. Previous Literature on the …

Vertebrate Msx genes are unlinked, homeobox-containing genes that bear homology to the
Drosophila muscle segment homeobox gene. These genes are expressed at multiple sites …

The development of calvarial bones is tightly co-ordinated with the growth of the brain and
needs harmonious interactions between different tissues within the calvarial sutures …

Ski and the closely related SnoN were discovered as oncogenes by their ability to transform
chicken embryo fibroblasts upon overexpression. While elevated expressions of Ski and …

Craniosynostosis, or the premature fusion of one or more cranial sutures, is a relatively
common congenital defect that causes a number of morphologic and functional …

We previously reported that mutation of the transforming growth factor-β3 (TGF-β3) gene
caused cleft palate in homozygous null (−/−) mice. TGF-β3 is normally expressed in the …

Knowledge of the development and evolution of the neural crest sheds light on many of the
oldest unanswered questions in developmental biology. What is the role of germ layers in …

Exposure to ethanol during development can lead to a constellation of congenital
anomalies, resulting in prenatal and postnatal failure to thrive, central nervous system (CNS) …