Background & aims This review aims to clarify the use of indirect calorimetry (IC) in
nutritional therapy for critically ill and other patient populations. It features a comprehensive …

Background & aims This position paper summarizes theoretical and practical aspects of the
monitoring of artificial nutrition and metabolism in critically ill patients, thereby completing …

Background Controversy exists about the timing of the initiation of parenteral nutrition in
critically ill adults in whom caloric targets cannot be met by enteral nutrition alone. Methods …

The results of recent large-scale clinical trials have led us to review our understanding of the
metabolic response to stress and the most appropriate means of managing nutrition in …

In modern surgical practice it is advisable to manage patients within an enhanced recovery
protocol and thereby have them eating normal food within 1–3days. Consequently, there is …

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Critically ill patients with complicated evolution are frequently
hypermetabolic, catabolic, and at risk of underfeeding. The study aimed at assessing the …

Background & aims The year 2019 marked the centenary of the publication of the Harris and
Benedict equations for estimation of energy expenditure. In October 2019 a Scientific …

Interventions Rate of enteral tube feeding ordered, actual volume delivered, patient position,
residual volume, flush volume, presence of blue food coloring in oropharynx, and stool …

A 67-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes mellitus undergoes extensive bowel resection for
mesenteric ischemia. Tube feedings are associated with adverse effects, and central venous …

Background & aims Measuring resting energy expenditure (REE) via indirect calorimetry (IC)
in intensive care unit (ICU) patient is the gold standard recommended by guidelines …