Many chronic diseases are marked by fibrosis, which is defined by an abundance of
activated fibroblasts and excessive deposition of extracellular matrix, resulting in loss of …

Interleukin-8 (IL-8, CXCL8) is a pro-inflammatory chemokine produced by various cell types
to recruit leukocytes to sites of infection or tissue injury. Acquisition of IL-8 and/or its …

The pathogenesis of severe COVID-19 reflects an inefficient immune reaction to SARS-CoV-
2. Here we analyze, at the single cell level, plasmablasts egressed into the blood to study …

Extracellular vesicles such as exosomes convey biological messages between cells, either
by surface-to-surface interaction or by shuttling of bioactive molecules to a recipient cell's …

Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is a potent regulatory cytokine with diverse effects on
hemopoietic cells. The pivotal function of TGF-β in the immune system is to maintain …

Epithelial and hematopoietic cells have a high turnover and their progenitor cells divide
continuously, making them prime targets for genetic and epigenetic changes that lead to cell …

Ingestion of apoptotic cells in vitro by macrophages induces TGF-β1 secretion, resulting in
an anti-inflammatory effect and suppression of proinflammatory mediators. Here, we show in …

Human atheromas accumulate extracellular matrix proteins such as collagen types I and III.
We tested whether cytokines or growth factors produced by cells found in human …

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) contributes to normal tissue patterning and
carcinoma invasiveness. We show that transforming growth factor (TGF)-β/activin members …

Perspectives Page 1 Perspectives Transforming Growth Factor-,B in Disease: The Dark Side of
Tissue Repair Wayne A. Border* and Erkki Ruoslahtit *Division ofNephrology, University …