Smoking is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and is responsible for the
death of more than 8 million people per year globally. Through a systematic literature …

Lumbar disk herniation, degenerative disk disease, and spondylolysis are the most
prevalent lumbar conditions that result in missed playing time. Lumbar disk herniation has a …

Purpose The goal of this study was to refine clinical MRS to optimize performance and then
determine whether MRS-derived biomarkers reliably identify painful discs, quantify …

The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence has issued guidelines that state fusion
for non-specific low back pain should only be performed as part of a randomised controlled …

Background: Intervertebral disc disease (IDD) is responsible for a large portion of back pain
with historically suboptimal treatments for long-term improvement. IDD pathogenesis is …

Study Design Retrospective National Database Study Objectives The aim of this study was
to investigate the national trend of lumbar disc arthroplasty (LDA) utilization from 2005 to …

Although low-back pain is common in the general population, there are unique
considerations when athletes present with this complaint. The most common etiologies …

Low back pain is number one reason for disability in patients under the age of 45 year and
the number two reason to see a doctor after flue in the USA. Early intervention for the …

Background: Degeneration of the intervertebral disc (IvD), resulting from various factors,
including genetic and environmental causes, is a significant musculoskeletal disorder. It is …

Years ago, at a spine conference, I came across one of the authors of several landmark
studies on the causes of low back pain (LBP) published in the mid-90s. During the coffee …