Endothelial dysfunction contributes to cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension,
atherosclerosis, and coronary artery disease, which are also characterized by insulin …

Insulin has important vascular actions to stimulate production of nitric oxide from
endothelium. This leads to capillary recruitment, vasodilation, increased blood flow, and …

In obese patients with type 2 diabetes, insulin delivery to and insulin-dependent glucose
uptake by skeletal muscle are delayed and impaired. The mechanisms underlying the delay …

Four grams of glucose circulates in the blood of a person weighing 70 kg. This glucose is
critical for normal function in many cell types. In accordance with the importance of these 4 g …

Adipose tissue expresses cytokines that inhibit insulin signalling pathways in liver and
muscle. Obesity also results in impairment of endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in …

Insulin increases glucose disposal into muscle. In addition, in vivo insulin elicits distinct nitric
oxide synthase-dependent vascular responses to increase total skeletal muscle blood flow …

Background—Obesity is associated with an increased risk of developing microangiopathy,
hypertension, and insulin resistance. We hypothesized that obesity is a primary cause of …

The main role of insulin in the heart under physiological conditions is obviously the
regulation of substrate utilization. Indeed, insulin promotes glucose uptake and its utilization …

We examined the effects of inhibiting nitric oxide synthase with N ω-nitro-l-arginine-methyl
ester (l-NAME) on total hindlimb blood flow, muscle microvascular recruitment, and hindlimb …

The frequency of prediabetes is increasing as the prevalence of obesity rises worldwide. In
prediabetes, hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and inflammation and metabolic …