Heavy metals, which have widespread environmental distribution and originate from natural
and anthropogenic sources, are common environmental pollutants. In recent decades, their …

The normal biochemical reactions in our body, increased exposure to the environment, and
higher levels of dietary xenobiotic's result in the generation of reactive oxygen species …

Answering the question as to why we age is tantamount to answering the question of what is
life itself. There are countless theories as to why and how we age, but, until recently, the very …

Endogenous and exogenous sources cause free radical-induced DNA damage in living
organisms by a variety of mechanisms. The highly reactive hydroxyl radical reacts with the …

DNA is one of the prime molecules, and its stability is of utmost importance for proper
functioning and existence of all living systems. Genotoxic chemicals and radiations exert …

Carcinogenesis is a multistep process involving mutation and the subsequent selective
clonal expansion of the mutated cell. Chemical and physical agents including those that …

Oxidative DNA damage is an inevitable consequence of cellular metabolism, with a
propensity for increased levels following toxic insult. Although more than 20 base lesions …

Abstract Beckman, Kenneth B., and Bruce N. Ames. The Free Radical Theory of Aging
Matures. Physiol. Rev. 78: 547–581, 1998.—The free radical theory of aging, conceived in …

Free radicals and other reactive species (RS) are thought to play an important role in many
human diseases. Establishing their precise role requires the ability to measure them and the …

The development of cancer in humans and animals is a multistep process. The complex
series of cellular and molecular changes participating in cancer development are mediated …