The mammalian oviduct is a dynamic organ where important events such as final maturation
of oocytes, transport of gametes, sperm capacitation, fertilization, embryo development, and …

Progesterone has been shown to be a potent suppressor of several inflammatory pathways.
During pregnancy, progesterone levels increase, allowing for normal pregnancy …

Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) signaling pathway is involved in the sperm-triggered uterine
inflammatory response at insemination, but its precise mechanism at molecular-level …

Early embryonic development occurs in the oviduct, where an ideal microenvironment is
provided by the epithelial cells and by the oviductal fluid produced by these cells. The …

During the passage through the female reproductive tract, sperm interact with various
compartments and their immune systems. The immune system that protects the female …

Human endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) secrete numerous growth factors, and they have
been applied to regenerative medicine for their roles in angiogenesis as well as …

Cumulus cells of ovulated cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) express Toll-like receptor 2
(TLR2), pathogen recognition receptors, to recognize and react to sperm signals during …

Sperm must pass a complex route in the female reproductive tract (FRT) to reach the
fertilization site and join the oocyte. Thus, it should employ several mechanisms to survive …

Abstract Toll-like receptors (TLRs), a part of the innate immune system, have critical roles in
protection against infections and involve in basic pathology and physiology. Secreted …

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are innate immune cell receptors that can specifically recognize
pathogenic microorganisms and mount an early immune response, resulting in the …