Growing research effort has shown that physical enrichment (PE) can improve fish welfare
and research validity. However, the inclusion of PE does not always result in positive effects …

Dominance hierarchies are ubiquitous in social species and serve to organize social
systems. Social and sexual status is communicated directly among animals via sensory …

Intermale aggression is used to establish social rank. Several neuronal populations have
been implicated in aggression, but the circuit mechanisms that shape this innate behavior …

Aggression is costly, and animals have evolved tactics to mitigate these costs. Submission
signals are an underappreciated example of such adaptations. Here we review submissive …

Animals typically display among-individual differences in behavior that are consistent over
time (ie, personality). These differences are often triggered by variable individual responses …

The nature of individual social interactions can have a profound influence on group structure
and function. Here, we use social network analysis to examine patterns of dominance …

Oxytocin and its nonmammalian homologues play an important role in modulating a diverse
array of social behaviours. Recently, it has been suggested that one of the key functions of …

A rich theoretical framework exists for understanding animal conflict. When two opponents
fight over a resource, the duration, intensity and outcome of the fight ought to be determined …

Cichlid fishes are champion caregivers that protect, clean, aerate, and sometimes even feed
their young. This tropical fish family's extensive species radiation combined with great …

Acting submissively may inhibit aggression and facilitate the termination of contests without
further escalation. The need to minimize conflict is vital in highly social species where within …