Fluorescent probes for the detection of chemical warfare agents

WQ Meng, AC Sedgwick, N Kwon, M Sun… - Chemical Society …, 2023 - pubs.rsc.org
Chemical warfare agents (CWAs) are toxic chemicals that have been intentionally
developed for targeted and deadly use on humans. Although intended for military targets …

Chemical warfare agents. Classes and targets

M Schwenk - Toxicology letters, 2018 - Elsevier
Synthetic toxic chemicals (toxicants) and biological poisons (toxins) have been developed
as chemical warfare agents in the last century. At the time of their initial consideration as …

Melatonin as modulator for sulfur and nitrogen mustard-induced inflammation, oxidative stress and DNA damage: Molecular therapeutics

E Ramos, E Gil-Martín, C De Los Ríos, J Egea… - Antioxidants, 2023 - mdpi.com
Sulfur and nitrogen mustards, bis (2-chloroethyl) sulfide and tertiary bis (2-chloroethyl)
amines, respectively, are vesicant warfare agents with alkylating activity. Moreover …

MG53 mitigates nitrogen mustard-induced skin injury

H Li, Z Li, X Li, C Cai, SL Zhao, RE Merritt, X Zhou… - Cells, 2023 - mdpi.com
Sulfur mustard (SM) and nitrogen mustard (NM) are vesicant agents that cause skin injury
and blistering through complicated cellular events, involving DNA damage, free radical …

Sulfur mustard inhalation: mechanisms of injury, alteration of coagulation, and fibrinolytic therapy

CW White, RC Rancourt… - Annals of the New York …, 2016 - Wiley Online Library
Acute lung injury due to sulfur mustard (SM) inhalation causes the formation of airway fibrin
casts that obstruct airways at multiple levels, leading to acute respiratory failure and death …

DNA damage signaling in the cellular responses to mustard vesicants

YH Jan, DE Heck, DL Laskin, JD Laskin - Toxicology letters, 2020 - Elsevier
Mustard vesicants, including sulfur mustard (2, 2′-dichlorodiethyl sulfide, SM) and nitrogen
mustard (bis (2-chloroethyl) methylamine, HN2) are cytotoxic blistering agents synthesized …

Mustard vesicating agent–induced toxicity in the skin tissue and silibinin as a potential countermeasure

N Tewari‐Singh, R Agarwal - Annals of the New York Academy …, 2016 - Wiley Online Library
Exposure to the vesicating agents sulfur mustard (SM) and nitrogen mustard (NM) causes
severe skin injury with delayed blistering. Depending upon the dose and time of their …

Sulfur and nitrogen mustards induce characteristic poly (ADP-ribosyl) ation responses in HaCaT keratinocytes with distinctive cellular consequences

A Mangerich, M Debiak, M Birtel, V Ponath… - Toxicology letters, 2016 - Elsevier
Mustard agents are potent DNA alkylating agents with mutagenic, cytotoxic and vesicant
properties. They include bi-functional agents, such as sulfur mustard (SM) or nitrogen …

The importance of evaluating the physicochemical and toxicological properties of a contaminant for remediating environments affected by chemical incidents

S Wyke, A Peña-Fernández, N Brooke… - Environment …, 2014 - Elsevier
In the event of a major chemical incident or accident, appropriate tools and technical
guidance need to be available to ensure that a robust approach can be adopted for …

A review of chemical warfare agents linked to respiratory and neurological effects experienced in Gulf War Illness

A Cruz-Hernandez, A Roney, DG Goswami… - Inhalation …, 2022 - Taylor & Francis
Over 40% of veterans from the Persian Gulf War (GW)(1990–1991) suffer from Gulf War
Illness (GWI). Thirty years since the GW, the exposure and mechanism contributing to GWI …