This study's aim is to generate a complete profile of reverse osmosis concentrate (ROC),
including physicochemical characteristics, environmental impact, and technologies for ROC …

Biofiltration utilizes natural mechanisms including biodegradation and biotransformation
along with other physical processes for the removal of organic micropollutants (OMPs) such …

This study evaluated ozone treatment to address concerns regarding the discharge to
marine waters of chemical contaminants and pathogens in reverse osmosis (RO) …

Water treatment with nanofiltration (NF) or reverse osmosis (RO) membranes results in a
purified permeate and a retentate, where solutes are concentrated and have to be properly …

Anaerobic membrane bioreactors can now produce effluent that meets regulatory standards
for BOD, enabling energy recovery and use of the treated effluent for irrigation. RO treatment …

Free available chlorine (FAC) is widely used to inactivate viruses by oxidizing viral
components, including genomes. It is commonly assumed that hypochlorous acid (HOCl) is …

Ozonation followed by biological post-treatment is an established technology for abatement
of organic micropollutants (OMP) from municipal wastewater. Although the necessity of …

As more cities experience water stress, the use of reverse osmosis (RO) membranes for
wastewater treatment and reuse will expand. The concentrated waste stream resulting from …

Anaerobic membrane bioreactors reduce the energy cost of wastewater treatment and meet
filtration requirements for non-potable reuse. However, sulfides (H 2 S/HS−) formed during …

In the study, a dual-chamber photo MFC was constructed with a photosynthetic bacteria
consortium PB-Z and a heterotrophic nitrifier C16 as anode and cathode inoculant …