Dielectric properties are crucial in understanding the behavior of water within soil,
particularly the soil water content (SWC), as they measure a material's ability to store an …

An accurate calibration function relating soil dielectric permittivity to its volumetric water
content is essential for reliable measurements of soil moisture with the use of dielectric …

The performance of a handheld Vector Network Analyzer (VNA), the nanoVNA, a low-cost,
open-source instrument, was evaluated. The instrument measures the complex permittivity …

Low-cost, accurate soil water sensors combined with wireless communication in an internet
of things (IoT) framework can be harnessed to enhance the benefits of precision irrigation …

The most basic parameter of soil is volumetric water content (VWC). This parameter is
typically determined indirectly, based on other parameters. Currently, a widely used method …

In laser powder-bed fusion processes, excessive metal powder is affected by high laser
energy input and contains spatter from the melt pool. Recycled powder therefore can have a …

In industrial processes, there is a great need for enhanced monitoring of layered liquids for
safety and quality assurance. Here, a five-wire line (FWL)-based microwave sensor is …

Simple Summary Living bodies comprise approximately 55–75% water to maintain
homeostasis. However, little is known about the differences in in vivo water molecule …

The measurement of the dielectric properties on moist substances has been proven to
provide valuable information on the estimation of water content. Furthermore, the dielectric …

Dielectric properties are crucial in understanding the behavior of water within soil,
particularly the soil water content (SWC), as they measure a material's ability to store an …