Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have been used to provide illumination in industrial and
commercial environments. LEDs are also used in TVs, computers, smart phones, and …

Light has profoundly influenced the evolution of life on earth. As widely appreciated, light
enables us to generate images of our environment. However, light—through intrinsically …

Retinal circuits transform the pixel representation of photoreceptors into the feature
representations of ganglion cells, whose axons transmit these representations to the brain …

The melanopsin-expressing, intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) are
a relatively recently discovered class of atypical ganglion cell photoreceptor. These ipRGCs …

The mammalian visual system encodes information over a remarkable breadth of
spatiotemporal scales and light intensities. This performance originates with its complement …

Light around twilight provides the primary entrainment signal for circadian rhythms. Here we
review the mechanisms and responses of the mouse and human circadian systems to light …

Public health studies indicate that artificial light is a high-risk factor for metabolic disorders.
However, the neural mechanism underlying metabolic modulation by light remains elusive …

Light exerts a wide range of effects on mammalian physiology and behavior. As well as
synchronizing circadian rhythms to the external environment, light has been shown to …

For decades, rods and cones were thought to be the only photoreceptors in the mammalian
retina. However, a population of atypical photoreceptive retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) …

Sleep and circadian rhythm disruption are frequently observed in patients with psychiatric
disorders and neurodegenerative disease. The abnormal sleep that is experienced by these …