Kidney stones are mineral deposits in the renal calyces and pelvis that are found free or
attached to the renal papillae. They contain crystalline and organic components and are …

The most common presentation of nephrolithiasis is idiopathic calcium stones in patients
without systemic disease. Most stones are primarily composed of calcium oxalate and form …

Background Recently published guidelines on the medical management of renal stone
disease did not address relevant topics in the field of idiopathic calcium nephrolithiasis …

In the urinary system, urolithiasis is the third prevalent disorder which causes severe pain in
individuals. Urinary stones are composed of calcium oxalate (CaOx) and calcium phosphate …

Urinary stone disease (USD) is an increasing clinical problem in both children and adults.
One in ten individuals will experience a urinary stone, yet the mechanisms responsible for …

Background The role of calcium oxalate crystals and deposits in UTI pathogenesis has not
been established. The objectives of this study were to identify bacteria present in pediatric …

Randall plaques (RPs) can contribute to the formation of idiopathic calcium oxalate (CaOx)
kidney stones; however, genes related to RP formation have not been identified. We …

More than 10% of the global human population is now afflicted with kidney stones, which are
commonly associated with other significant health problems including diabetes …

Background The pathogenesis of kidney stone disease (KSD) is not fully understood, and
potential contributing factors remain to be explored. Several studies have revealed that the …

Background Urinary supersaturation is one key determinant of calcium oxalate (CaOx)
urinary stone formation, and urinary excretions of oxalate and citrate are two key …