In the atmosphere, microphysics refers to the microscale processes that affect cloud and
precipitation particles and is a key linkage among the various components of Earth's …

We describe Global Atmosphere 7.0 and Global Land 7.0 (GA7. 0/GL7. 0), the latest science
configurations of the Met Office Unified Model (UM) and the Joint UK Land Environment …

The Earth's equilibrium climate sensitivity (ECS) to a doubling of atmospheric CO 2, along
with the transient climate response (TCR) and greenhouse gas emissions pathways …

Studies of emergent constraints have frequently proposed that a single metric alone can
constrain future responses of the Earth system to anthropogenic emissions. The prevalence …

This paper presents atmosphere-only and coupled climate model configurations of the
European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Integrated Forecasting System …

The rationale for using multi-model ensembles in climate change projections and impacts
research is often based on the expectation that different models constitute independent …

There is now substantial literature on climate model studies of equatorial or tropical
stratospheric SO 2 injections that aim to counteract the surface warming produced by rising …

An objective approach is presented for scoring coupled climate simulations through an
evaluation against satellite and reanalysis datasets during the satellite era (ie, since 1979) …

Southern Ocean (SO) shortwave (SW) radiation biases are a common problem in
contemporary general circulation models (GCMs), with most models exhibiting a tendency to …

Uncertainty in cloud feedbacks in climate models is a major limitation in projections of future
climate. Therefore, evaluation and improvement of cloud simulation are essential to ensure …