Self-regulated learning (SRL) is critical for learning across tasks, domains, and contexts.
Despite its importance, research shows that not all learners are equally skilled at accurately …

We observe a continuous shift from face-to-face to hybrid or online education. Today,
learners are exposed to a high level of autonomy and, at the same time, have less contact …

Metacognitive awareness is knowing about learners' own thinking and learning, facilitated
by introspection and self-evaluation. Although metacognitive functions are personal, they …

Inability to regulate affective states can impact one's capacity to engage in higher-order
thinking like scientific reasoning with game-based learning environments. Many efforts have …

There is a growing interest in developing and implementing adaptive instructional systems
to improve, automate, and personalize student education. A necessary part of any such …

This study examined 57 learners' emotions (ie, joy, anger, confusion, frustration) as they
engaged with scientific content while learning about microbiology with Crystal Island, a …

The aim of this paper is to present an empirical study with the intention of answering the
question: can an intentionally structured online environment stimulate and enhance the …

Although intelligent tutoring systems (ITSs) are increasingly used, it is unclear which
psychological processes precede students' learning gains. Using a pre-and posttest design …

Significant efforts are currently being made to design affect-aware systems to classify,
monitor, and scaffold emotional experiences across a range of settings. However, most …

Self-regulated learning is an important predictor of students' academic achievement,
employability, and career progression. Cognitive, affective, metacognitive, and motivational …