Colloidal self-assembly refers to a solution-processed assembly of nanometer-/micrometer-
sized, well-dispersed particles into secondary structures, whose collective properties are …

This review article deals with the concepts, principles and applications of visible-light and
near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) in in vitro …

Skin is the largest organ of the human body, and it offers a diagnostic interface rich with vital
biological signals from the inner organs, blood vessels, muscles, and dermis/epidermis. Soft …

This review comprises a detailed survey of ongoing methodologies for soft actuators,
highlighting approaches suitable for nanometer‐to centimeter‐scale robotic applications …

High‐throughput droplet‐based digital PCR (ddPCR) is a refinement of the conventional
polymerase chain reaction (PCR)‎ methods. In ddPCR, DNA/RNA is encapsulated …

Following the advancements in microfluidics and lab-on-a-chip (LOC) technologies, a novel
biomedical application for microfluidic based devices has emerged in recent years and …

Indium tin oxide (ITO) is a transparent conductor used in applications such as touch screens,
smart windows and displays. A key limitation of ITO is its brittle nature, which prohibits its use …

In this review, we provide an update on the current and future applications of saliva for
diagnostic purposes. There are many advantages of using saliva as a biofluid. Its collection …

Following the development of microfluidic systems, there has been a high tendency towards
developing lab-on-a-chip devices for biochemical applications. A great deal of effort has …

The ability to manipulate droplets on a substrate using electric signals—known as digital
microfluidics—is used in optical,, biomedical,, thermal and electronic applications and has …