Object The overall incidence of complications or adverse events in spinal surgery is
unknown. Both prospective and retrospective analyses have been performed, but the results …

Study Design. Review article. Objective. To outline current concepts regarding the
assessment and treatment of odontoid fractures. Summary of Background Data. Odontoid …

Study Design. Prospective observational study. Objective. To assess the incidence and
clinical consequence of intraoperative adverse events from a wide variety of spinal surgical …

Object Stabilization of the atlantoaxial complex has proven to be very challenging. Because
of the high mobility of the C1–2 motion segment, fusion rates at this level have been …

Odontoid fractures are the most common fracture of the axis and the most common cervical
spine fracture in patients over 65. Despite their frequency, there is considerable ambiguity …

OBJECTIVE Os odontoideum is an independent ossicle of variable size with smooth
circumferential cortical margins separated from the foreshortened odontoid peg. The …

Introduction The surgical management of craniovertebral junction instability in pediatric
patients has unique challenges. While the indications for internal fixation in children are …

OBJECT The unique and complex biomechanics of the atlantoaxial junction make the
treatment of C1–2 instability a challenge. Several screw-based constructs have been …

Considerable controversy exists regarding the optimal management of elderly patients with
type II odontoid fractures. There is uncertainty regarding the consequences of non-union …

• Initial management of nondisplaced type I, type II, and type III odontoid fractures with
external cervical immobilization is recommended, recognizing that a decreased rate of union …