Lentiviral vectors (LVs) are potent tools for the delivery of genes of interest into mammalian
cells and are now commonly utilised within the growing field of cell and gene therapy for the …

No matter what their origin, strain and family, viruses have evolved exquisite strategies to
reach and penetrate specific target cells where they hijack the cellular machinery to express …

Abstract Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory
syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The spike (S) protein that mediates SARS-CoV-2 …

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major cause of liver disease, but therapeutic options are limited
and there are no prevention strategies. Viral entry is the first step of infection and requires …

More than two decades have passed since genetically modified HIV was used for gene
delivery. Through continuous improvements these early marker gene-carrying HIVs have …

The study of hepatitis C virus (HCV), a major cause of chronic liver disease, has been
hampered by the lack of a cell culture system supporting its replication. Here, we have …

Emerging and reemerging infectious diseases have a strong negative impact on public
health. However, because many of these pathogens must be handled in biosafety level, 3 or …

The emergence of genetic engineering at the beginning of the 1970′ s opened the era of
biomedical technologies, which aims to improve human health using genetic manipulation …

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative virus of the
coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. To establish a safe and convenient assay …

The host range of retroviral vectors including lentiviral vectors can be expanded or altered
by a process known as pseudotyping. Pseudotyped lentiviral vectors consist of vector …