Classically, superoxide anion O2•− and reactive oxygen species ROS play a dual role. At
the physiological balance level, they are a by-product of O2 reduction, necessary for cell …

Superoxide, O2•−, is formed in all living organisms that come in contact with air, and,
depending upon its biological context, it may act as a signaling agent, a toxic species, or a …

Protein design is a valuable tool for understanding the fundamental factors that dictate
protein structure and function. The field of protein design has seen significant progress over …

Superoxide dismutases are enzymes that function to catalytically convert superoxide radical
to oxygen and hydrogen peroxide. These enzymes carry out catalysis at near diffusion …

The S100A8/S100A9 heterodimer calprotectin (CP) functions in the host response to
pathogens through a mechanism termed “nutritional immunity.” CP binds Mn2+ and Zn2+ …

Background: Catalases are important antioxidant metalloenzymes that catalyze
disproportionation of hydrogen peroxide, forming dioxygen and water. Two families of …

This Handbook on Metalloproteins focuses on the available structural information of proteins
and their metal ion coordination spheres. It centers on the metal ions indispensable for life …

Metalloenzymes utilize inexpensive and earth-abundant transition metal ions as important
co-factors to enable binding of a dioxygen molecule so that it can be used in various …

The valorization of aromatic heteropolymer lignin is an important unsolved problem in the
development of a biomass-based biorefinery, for which novel high-activity biocatalysts are …

Since 1995, crystal structures have been determined for many transition-metal enzymes, in
particular those containing the rarely used transition metals vanadium, molybdenum …