Socially monogamous birds have provided a major focus of research in the field of sexual
selection, providing insight into the evolution of ornaments, sexual dimorphism and sex …

The general belief that cooperation and altruism in social groups result primarily from kin
selection has recently been challenged, not least because results from cooperatively …

How can the stunning diversity of social systems and behaviours seen in nature be
explained? Drawing on social evolution theory, experimental evidence and studies …

Cooperation is widespread in nature, occurring in every taxa on Earth. Nevertheless, the
contexts in which cooperation occurs—and the forms it takes—vary widely. In this Review …

Parenting behaviors, such as the provisioning of food by parents to offspring, are known to
be highly responsive to changes in environment. However, we currently know little about …

Coordinated pair bonds are common in birds and also occur in many other taxa. How do
animals solve the social dilemmas they face in coordinating with a partner? We developed …

1University of Maryland* Corresponding author (Email: gcarter@ umd. edu) Citation–Carter,
G.(2014). The reciprocity controversy. Animal Behavior and Cognition, 1 (3), 368-386. doi …

Sexual conflict over parental care relies on the fundamental assumption that parents do not
share the cost of their partner's effort on future reproduction. However, this is unlikely to be …

In species with biparental care, there is sexual conflict over parental investment because
each parent benefits when their partner bears more of the reproductive costs. Such conflict …

Cooperative breeding–characterized by the joint care of young produced primarily by
dominant group members–is widespread in animals, including invertebrates, birds, and …